Questions about "Regional variation in Canadian English vowel backing" by Erin Hall*
Erin Hall says that /æ/ is retracted before nasals in Vancouver. In fact the overall retraction of /æ/ before nasals was 100% in all the speakers from Vancouver in reading from a word listt and in causual speech. (and 75% from reading a passage). (Compared to 0% in Toronto). Is this retraction the same as the Canadian shift? Or is this something different? Is it true that before nasals it's retracted more often than in any other environment? Is it true that it's a marker of West Coast English and is found 0% in Toronto? Is it realized as [æ] in Toronto, or is it diphthongized? Does this mean that it is never raised and diphothongized in the West Coast?
*Available here: http://r1.chass.utoronto.ca/twpl/pdfs/twpl18/TWPL18_Hall.pdf
Erin Hall says that /æ/ is retracted before nasals in Vancouver. In fact the overall retraction of /æ/ before nasals was 100% in all the speakers from Vancouver in reading from a word listt and in causual speech. (and 75% from reading a passage). (Compared to 0% in Toronto). Is this retraction the same as the Canadian shift? Or is this something different? Is it true that before nasals it's retracted more often than in any other environment? Is it true that it's a marker of West Coast English and is found 0% in Toronto? Is it realized as [æ] in Toronto, or is it diphthongized? Does this mean that it is never raised and diphothongized in the West Coast?
*Available here: http://r1.chass.utoronto.ca/twpl/pdfs/twpl18/TWPL18_Hall.pdf